Phase synchronization in an array of driven Josephson junctions

We consider an array of N Josephson junctions connected in parallel and explore the condition for chaotic synchronization. It is found that the outer junctions can be synchronized while they remain uncorrelated to the inner ones when an external biasing is applied. The stability of the solution is found out for the outer junctions in the synchronization manifold. Symmetry considerations lead to a situation wherein the inner junctions can synchronize for certain values of parameter. In the presence of a phase difference between the applied fields, all the junctions exhibit phase synchronization. It is also found that chaotic motion changes to periodic in the presence of phase differences.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in "CHAOS

Dynamics of coupled Josephson junctions under the influence of applied fields

We investigate the effect of the phase difference of applied fields on the dynamics of mutually coupled Josephson junction. The system desynchronizes for any value of applied phase difference and the dynamics even changes from chaotic to periodic motion for some values of applied phase difference. We report that by keeping the value of phase difference as $\pi$, the system continues to be in periodic motion for a wide range of system parameter values which might be of great practical applications.Comment: 13 pages 13 figure

Phase effects on synchronization by dynamical relaying in delay-coupled systems

Synchronization in an array of mutually coupled systems with a finite time-delay in coupling is studied using Josephson junction as a model system. The sum of the transverse Lyapunov exponents is evaluated as a function of the parameters by linearizing the equation about the synchronization manifold. The dependence of synchronization on damping parameter, coupling constant and time-delay is studied numerically. The change in the dynamics of the system due to time-delay and phase difference between the applied fields is studied. The case where a small frequency detuning between the applied fields is also discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in "CHAOS

Effective action approach to strongly correlated fermion systems

We construct a new functional for the single particle Green's function, which is a variant of the standard Baym Kadanoff functional. The stability of the stationary solutions to the new functional is directly related to aspects of the irreducible particle hole interaction through the Bethe Salpeter equation. A startling aspect of this functional is that it allows a simple and rigorous derivation of both the standard and extended dynamical mean field (DMFT) equations as stationary conditions. Though the DMFT equations were formerly obtained only in the limit of infinite lattice coordination, the new functional described in the work, presents a way of directly extending DMFT to finite dimensional systems, both on a lattice and in a continuum. Instabilities of the stationary solution at the bifurcation point of the functional, signal the appearance of a zero mode at the Mott transition which then couples t o physical quantities resulting in divergences at the transition.Comment: 9 page

Theology and Morality in Siddha Songs

The Siddhas' assertion is that man is a part of nature, from which man cannot be separated, and that there is a dialectical relationship between nature and man. The appearance, style, dress, and actions of the Siddhas exemplify their doctrines. Siddhas say that the trick is to gain wisdom by engaging in activities and to know God beyond the soul hidden by ignorance. The theology of the Siddhas centered on human society and their divinity centers human activities

NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SARGASSUM ILICIFOLIUM TURNER C. AGARDH ON ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY AND ATTENUATION OF SCOPOLAMINE-INDUCED AMNESIA IN RODENTS

ABSTRACTObjective: In day to day life, occupational stress is responsible for oxidative stress by altering sleep cycle. Scopolamine induction of amnesia correlatesto stress-induced amnesia in youngsters. Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate the anti-amnesic effect of ethanolic extract and ethylacetate fraction of Sargassum ilicifolium Turner (C. Agardh) against scopolamine.Methods: In this study, seven groups of animals were used and scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg b.wt/intraperitoneally) was administered to all groups exceptpositive control to induce memory loss. Elevated plus maze, Morris water maze served as an exteroceptive behavioral model in testing memory inyoung rats. Brain acetylcholinesterase, a biomarker enzyme was estimated. Finally histopathology of cerebral cortex was performed.Results: The extract and fraction treated group showed an interesting result in memory scores, and the significant enzyme inhibition might beresponsible to attenuate acetylcholine in cholinergic neurons to enhance memory. Finally, histopathology of cerebral cortex proved the neuroprotectiveeffect of S. ilicifolium. All the results were statistically significant.Conclusion: Neuroprotective role of S. ilicifolium Turner C.Agardh was highlighted well in this study and it will be interesting infuture to dissect outthe kinetics of individual components in the fraction and to strengthen the phytomolecule role by insilico studies.Keywords: Learning, Memory, Acetylcholinesterase, Sargassum ilicifolium Turner (C. Agardh)

Problems of Social Relations in Gandharvan Poetry

History shows that new poetry emerged through revolutions all over the world. New poetry began to infiltrate society as a propaganda weapon in a way that was easily understood by lay people. In the Tamil environment, Bharatiyar started Pudukavitha as a platform for developing the spirit of liberation and reprimanding the existing inequalities in human relations. In the subsequent period, many thinkers and reformers appeared and contributed to awaken the Tamil people in the Tamil society, which had a practice of secrecy and endless ignorance. Magazines like ‘Eluththu’, ‘Zhla’ and poetry organizations like ‘Vanampaadi’ supported it and popularized the new poetry. The poets expressed the ideas of social awareness and social thinking, solutions to the problems of reformation as advices gently, and with prudence and revolutionary attitude that immediate change in the society is needed. The reason for this is the objective of revitalizing social relations and living together in an unequal manner. Based on this, the themes of literature, especially poetry, began to emerge in a new direction, in a new perspective, with concepts from new angles according to the times. In this background, social problems, social reform ideas and ideas about social change are taking place as the main ideas in the Tamil poems of this era and are causing various impacts. These are creative in a way that sheds light on the social factors that prevent human relationships from coming together

Wound healing and anti-oxidant activities of the fruit pulp of limonia acidissima linn (rutaceae) in rats

Purpose: The fruits of Limonia acidissima Linn are used traditionally in India for the treatment of tumours, asthma, wounds, cardiac debility and hepatitis. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the wound healing activity of the methanol extract of its fruit pulp (MELA) in incision, excision and dead-space wound models. Methods: Albino rats of either sex were divided into four groups, viz, wounded control, wounded rats administered standard drug, nitrofurazone (2 %), and wounded rats administered MELA 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. In incision wound model, wound breaking strength and epithelization period were evaluated, while in excision wound model, wound contraction was studied. In dead-space wound model, granulation tissue dry weight, hydroxyproline levels in dry granulation tissue, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels in wet granulation tissue were estimated. Granulation tissue was subjected to histopathological examination in order to determine whether there was healing by formation of collagen in the wound tissue in extract-treated animals.Results: Increased wound breaking strength, decreased epithelization period, increased wound contraction, increased granulation tissue weight and hydroxyproline concentration were observed in the various groups, compared with the control group. Also, increased activity of anti-oxidant enzymes, i.e., higher SOD and catalase levels, were seen in extract-treated groups when compared to controls. Wound healing activity was statistically significant (p < 0.001) in animals treated with 400 mg/kg of the extract. Conclusion: The methanol extract of L. acidissima possesses significant dose-dependant wound healing and anti-oxidant activities; this supports traditional claims for the plant as a wound healer.Keywords: Limonia acidissima, Wound healing, Antioxidant enzymes, Wound models, Hydroxyproline

College Student Attitude Towards Social Media

Communication is a key factor in today s world. The method that individual choose to communicate their message has an impact on the effectiveness of that message. It is essential to exchange ideas effectively for developing and sustaining relationship's the main purpose of every communication is to obtain some results, that is to secure action by the receivers. Know the top five commonly using social media among the students know the most influence the sources of information to use the social media. Identify the purpose of using social media. Give the suggestion, findings. Social media service plays a vital role in servers and users. Over the last years, people are more and involved in social media use and are interacting with each other on social media sites. The two social media sites. Companies are already using what's app as well as Facebook to interest with their college students about their products and services. The present study is only an attempt to know about the satisfaction of social media services in Theni District and it is observed that all the college students are satisfied with the functioning of social media services

Feminist Inscriptions in Gandharvan Works

Superiority of women is one of the factors that hinder the progress of the society. Both men and women are part of society. Today's society will be better if both the genders are treated equally in knowledge, have equal rights, and live in harmony with love and virtue. But today's society is a patriarchal society. Women remain enslaved and marginalized, even though some rights have been given to women, the fundamental changes for complete women's emancipation have not yet taken place. Human emancipation will be complete only when fundamental changes take place and women's emancipation is complete. Feminine is the characteristic of love, female is the form of virtue. Woman is the primary source of life and growth she is the source of strength, the pinnacle of sacrifice, the protector of duty and the abode of patience. Poets have described about such feminine qualities in their works. In the field of Tamil literature, the term "Penniyam" refers to feminism and many works are created based on it. Feminism is one of the various academic fields that are emerging today. Today's research on feminism through the fields of anthropology, psychology, linguistics, sociology, and history is increasing. Similarly, many researches have appeared in the field of literature on women's creative issues. Thus, this article examines the ideology of women in kandarvan's works